Author: Vernon Gambetta

More Periodization

Always amazed at how cut and dried people what things to be. My suggestions on periodization are not laws or rules, they are guidelines based on my experience, best practice and science. Coaching, being there and actively working with the athlete trumps all this. You have be focused and involved. Nothing is purely metabolic or neural, all systems of the body work together to produce movement. Using labels like metabolic or neural are terms of convenience to help convey a concept rather than an absolute. Certainly there is a neural component to everything g we do, as well as metabolic; it is just what is the emphasis. Planning training should be simpler than the Bompa’s of the world are making it out to be. I tend to be a simplifier not a complexifier. You do not have to make it complex; the process will take care of that. As I have said many times simplicity yields complexity, just open you eyes and look around at all the numerous examples of this in everyday life, training is no different.

More on Periodization

Look at Periodization as the timing of the application of training to insure optimum adaptive response in order to be fully adaptable to the demands of competition. To be effective in planning it is imperative to understand all the nuances and implications of the time to adaptation and reversibility that I posted yesterday. It is also important that all components of training must be trained during all phases of the training year. The amount and proportion must be varied based on the training age, phase of training and the training emphasis. The rationale behind this is that different physical qualities have different curves of supecompensation (Olbrecht, P.5). Remember that training tasks that have high neural demand require complete recovery. Training tasks with high metabolic demand can be trained with incomplete recovery. All this must be taken into consideration in microcycle and training block design and implementation.

A Simple Paradigm – Time For Adaptation

When you think about going for the quick fix, just quickly run this simple paradigm through your head. It all relates to time for adaptation. Nothing complicated. Don’t over think this. This is a just a general guideline, a reminder, that the process of adaption to training takes time. Flexibility improves day to day Strength can be improved from week to week Speed (A fine motor quality) improves from month to month Work Capacity improves from year to year Based on the law of reversibility You can lose flexibility from day to day You can lose strength week to week Speed declines month to month Work Capacity declines year to year.

Personal Learning Landmarks

I have received many inquires on where my ideas come from, how I have learned some of the stuff that I have learned. From the ime I can remember as soon as I got involved in sport in the 7th grade I was interested in training. I was always puzzled why some teams and some of my classmates were better. So my initial inspiration to learn it was an early fascination with self-improvement. The first real event that sticks in my mind was a television special on Rafer Johnson and C.K. Yang, both teammates at UCLA and their preparation for the 1960 Rome Olympic Decathlon. It was on Channel 5 in LA, one hour long. It showed them training with their coach, Ducky Drake, head track coach and head athletic trainer at UCLA, as a 13 year old it was very inspirational and informative. I stared lifting weights in 1962, at that time Strength & Health was the bible. I devoured the training articles in there. In fact I still have some of those articles that I saved in a folder. It was very sound information. I played football at Fresno State, we had no off-season training program. Everyone was on their own, so I trained in the weight room with the jumpers and throwers. Larry Alexander, our best high jumper and I started doing more stuff together, the things that he was doing seemed to make more sense to me. I asked him where he got his ideas and he let me read an amazing article on Russian High Jump training from the first issue of Track Technique (A journal I was later privileged to edit). The systematic approach amazed me, I was hooked, this obviously was the way to train. I think the event that affirmed my desire to be a coach was the first ever Fresno State Track & Field Clinic in the winter of 1968, my senior year. The feature speaker was Bill Bowerman, Track & Field & Cross Country coach at University of Oregon. I remember walking out of his Friday night session on developing Four Minute milers saying to my self that I am going to be like him. The other speaker was Ken Shannon, Field event coach at UCLA at the time, later the longtime coach at University of Washington. His presentations on strength training and training for the pole vault were spectacular. I can remember those presentations 42 years later as clear as day. The concepts he and Bowerman presented are concepts I still use today. After the clinic I went to Red Estes, the assistant Track & Field Coach at Fresno Sate to borrow all the back issues of Track Technique and the book Run, Run, Run by Fred Wilt. In addition the text for his Theory of Track & Field class was Ken Dougherty’s Modern Track & Field, that book and the Track & Field Omnibook by Dougherty had huge influences on my philosophy of coaching and my ideas of training. I think every young coach should read the first editions of the Track & Field Omnibook. In 1968 after graduating I asked my parents to get me a subscription to Track Technique for a graduation present. The first issue I received had an article on Russian Javelin training that Frank Covelli an American Javelin thrower had translated from Russian. It detailed the training and development of Janis Lusis, it was nothing short of awesome. This convinced that a systematic approach to training was the only way to go. In either 1971 or 1972, not sure which because I cannot find the article now, there was on article by a German coach Peter Tschiene on power training for the throwing events (can’t remember exact title). This was a landmark for me in terms of rounding out my ideas on strength training. In the summer of 1972 after our Olympic Trials in Eugene, the AAU, the governing body of Track & Field, had their first ever Learn By Doing Clinic in Sacramento California. It was organized by Fred Wilt, the editor of Track Technique. What an unbelievable experience, the coaches who were in attendance represented a who’s who of coaching in the US over the next thirty years. I was like a kid in a candy store. The evening sessions were the best though. Tadeusz Starzynski, Polish triple jump coach, probably one of the best jump coaches of all-time, presented each night on his training methodology. He showed great 16mm films of Schmidt (Three Time Olympic Triple Jump Gold Medal winner), his prize pupil doing all the exercises and technical practice. I feel this really helped me get a handle on technique, plyometric training and special and specific strength development. Oh what I would give to get a copy of those films. Another experience that really rounded off my early years of learning was a clinic in the winter of 1978 at Stanislaus State College where Gerard Mach, Head T&F coach of Canada presented on his system of sprint and hurdle training. He presented for 12 hours over two days. He showed 16mm movies of all the drills and special and specific drills for the sprints and hurdles. I had been introduced to Mach’s methodology by some Canadian athletes training in Santa Barbara in the early Seventies, so to finally got to see all the details of the system unfold, It was an eye opener to learn the why behind the drills. These were profound experiences that had a huge impact on my professional development. Certainly I did not stop learning in 1978, I continue to read extensively, dialogue with professional colleagues and continue to learn daily from my athletes. I vowed when I started coaching to be as knowledgeable as I could be, to leave no stone unturned in the search for knowledge and wisdom. As I have gotten older and gained some experience my passion for learning has only increased and broadened. I sincerely hope that through this blog and my other work that I can light the spark for learning in some of you in the same way the people and the events that influenced me did. Never stop learning, challenge yourself and those you work with everyday to be better.

Game Speed Thoughts & Tips

Base your speed development training on the speed demands of the sport that you are preparing for.   Always prepare for each speed training session with a thorough active warm-up.   Speed development must be done in a non-fatigued state; therefore it should occur at the start of the workout and after an easy workday or a rest day.   Always stress correct mechanics and relate the mechanics to the specific movements of sport you preparing for.   Optimum Speed is the goal – Speed that you can use and control in the game.   Never lose sight of the "moment of truth." When you least expect it and are most fatigued speed will be the deciding factor in making the play.   Speed is a motor task – You can learn to move faster through correct mechanics and situational awareness.   Starting is extending ankle/knee/hip. Stopping is bending ankle/ knee/hip. Without the ability to stop effectively it is difficult to be skillful and stay injury free   Reaction can be improved by working on the primary stimulus that is either the ball or another player.   Assistance training methods (Towing) develops specific strength to improve stride frequency.   Resistance training methods (Harness, hills sprints, tire pull) develop specific strength and acceleration.   Speed work demands a high level of motivation and concentration.   6 – 8 are the optimum number of reps for speed development work for any one exercise.   Adequate strength and sound basic technique are prerequisites for speed development.  Vary speed training methods and intensity to avoid building a speed barrier.

Think About it!

I will never do an exercise or a workout because some guru posted on his for pay web site or a saw it on you tube. That is pure and simple insanity. Step back and think about all the implications of the exercise or the workout. The key word here is THINK, don’t be like a bunch of sheep and blindly follow the ram, he my not know where he is going. This is precisely why we are where we are in this field – a bunch of junk justified by marketing hype, gobbledygook with no context, sequence or progression. It reminds of the line from the old country western song: “Work your fingers to the bone and what do get – boney fingers.” I do not know about you but I want positive training adaptations that I can allow to measure and track progress over time, not just tired and sore athletes. Don't be a follower, be a leader, think critically, consider the source, above all THINK,THINK,THINK!

Quick Fixes & Makeovers – The Draft Prep Con

I was channel surfing last evening and came upon a program called ”Road to the Draft” on the NFL channel. The commentators were talking about and showing video clips of the Pro days (AKA – Meat Auction) at USC and University of Texas. They showed five players running the forty yard dash and two pulled hamstrings. What is wrong with this picture? How many of these guys went to draft preparation gurus for a quick fix? You have to wonder. How many were doing the Ham/Glute raise in their training? How much did any of them work on top end speed where you are most likely to pull a hamstring? The USC players were terrible on the vaunted Three Cone “agility” test. What does that mean? It was interesting looking at the muscular development of these guys. Hamstring “posterior chain” obviously had been emphasized. Big bulky shotened hamstrings, when what you want is long & lean, like Usain Bolt. Remember hamstring function and architecture. One of the commentators talked about the ability to bend the knees and play low. Why not have them do Jim Radcliffe’s Oregon Sway drill and do the ankle range test from Kelvin Giles PCA book, in about two minutes you will have many answers about where and why they bend the way they do. I know this sounds like I have all the answers, no way, seeing exhibitions like this lead me to question conventional wisdom more each day. One thing I do know is that is the sheep walking mentality where they all follow the flock and keep perpetuating myths about performance is alive and well.

Youth Olympic Games – Necessary & Advisable?

This whole thing real makes me sick to my stomach. With everything we know about Long Term Athlete development do we need this. In my opinion it is just another money grabbing stunt by the IOC. They are exploiting children. If this is the Olympic ideal then I have missed something. Let focus on development, and let performance flow from development. Interested in your opinion, I tend to be a voice crying out in the dark sometimes, maybe I am missing something here.This is a press release I saw on the Track & Field News web site: 2010 Youth Olympic Games August 14-26, 2010 – Singapore, Singapore The Vision The vision of the Youth Olympic Games is to inspire young people around the world to participate in sport and adopt and live by the Olympic values. It was during its session in Guatemala in July 2007 that the IOC decided to create a new sporting event to educate, engage and influence young athletes inspiring them to play an active role in their communities. What are the YOG? The Youth Olympic Games are a sporting event for young people, balancing sport, education and culture. These Games work as a catalyst in these fields throughout the Olympic Movement. Ages? Athletes born in 1993 and 1994 will be eligible to be selected to represent the USA in Track & Field at the Youth Olympics. How do athletes qualify for the Youth Olympics? Athletes qualify through the U.S. Area Youth Olympic Selection Trials – TF. Complete selection procedures are available here (PDF).